Estimation of HIV Incidence in the United States
Monitoring the Incidence of HIV Infection in the United States::
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLnewly diagnosed with HIV. ESTIMATING HIV INCIDENCE. IN THE UNITED STATES .. JAMA 1998;280:42-8. 3. Rosenberg PS. Scope of the AIDS epidemic in the United
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H. Irene Hall, PhD; Ruiguang Song, PhD; Philip Rhodes, PhD; Joseph Prejean, PhD; Qian An, MS; Lisa M. Lee, PhD; John Karon, PhD; Ron Brookmeyer, PhD; Edward H. Kaplan, PhD; Matthew T. McKenna, MD; Robert S. Janssen, MD; for the HIV Incidence Surveillance Group
JAMA. 2008;300(5):520-529.
Trends in Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Sexual Risk Behavior, and ::
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLSTD clinic for estimation of HIV incidence using the BED assay. . Advancing HIV pre-. vention: New strategies for a changing epidemic—United States,
http://www.sfcityclinic.org/providers/TrendsinSTDSexualRisk.pdfHOME |
Context
Incidence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in the United States has not been directly measured.
Summary of Reported HIV/AIDS Cases Montana January-November 2008::
File Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTMLEstimation of HIV Incidence in the United States. JAMA 2008; 300:520-529. 4. Montana Enhanced HIV/AIDS Reporting System, funded by the Centers for Disease
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New assays that differentiate recent vs long-standing HIV infections allow improved estimation of HIV incidence.
HEALTH CARE POLICY: U.S. Priorities-HIV Prevention -- Catania et ::
The two best surveys useful for estimating HIV prevalence among heterosexuals Heterosexual transmission of HIV in the United States is linked to the HIV
http://www.scienceonline.org/cgi/content/full/290/5492/717HOME |
Objective
To estimate HIV incidence in the United States.
Design, Setting, and Patients
Remnant diagnostic serum specimens from patients 13 years or older and newly diagnosed with HIV during 2006 in 22 states were tested with the BED HIV-1 capture enzyme immunoassay to classify infections as recent or long-standing.
Information on HIV cases was reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through June 2007.
Incidence of HIV in the 22 states during 2006 was estimated using a statistical approach with adjustment for testing frequency and extrapolated to the United States.
Results were corroborated with back-calculation of HIV incidence for 1977-2006 based on HIV diagnoses from 40 states and AIDS incidence from 50 states and the District of Columbia.
Main Outcome Measure
Estimated HIV incidence.
Results
An estimated 39 400 persons were diagnosed with HIV in 2006 in the 22 states.
Of 6864 diagnostic specimens tested using the BED assay, 2133 (31%) were classified as recent infections.
Based on extrapolations from these data, the estimated number of new infections for the United States in 2006 was 56 300 (95% confidence interval [CI], 48 200-64 500); the estimated incidence rate was 22.8 per 100 000 population (95% CI, 19.5-26.1).
Forty-five percent of infections were among black individuals and 53% among men who have sex with men.
The back-calculation (n = 1.230 million HIV/AIDS cases reported by the end of 2006) yielded an estimate of 55 400 (95% CI, 50 000-60 800) new infections per year for 2003-2006 and indicated that HIV incidence increased in the mid-1990s, then slightly declined after 1999 and has been stable thereafter.
Conclusions
This study provides the first direct estimates of HIV incidence in the United States using laboratory technologies previously implemented only in clinic-based settings.
New HIV infections in the United States remain concentrated among men who have sex with men and among black individuals.
Author Affiliations:
Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia (Drs Hall, Song, Rhodes, Prejean, Lee, McKenna, and Janssen); The Ginn Group Inc, Peachtree City, Georgia (Ms An); Emergint Corporation, Louisville, Kentucky (Dr Karon); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Brookmeyer); and Yale School of Management, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale School of Medicine, and Yale School of Engineering and Applied Science, New Haven, Connecticut (Dr Kaplan). Dr Janssen is now with Gilead Sciences Inc, Foster City, California.
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http://jama.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/300/5/520?etoc
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